Cinemark Holdings, Inc.
Q4 2021 Earnings Call Transcript

Published: 25 Feb 2022

[Operator:]

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. And welcome to the Cinemark’s Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 Earnings Call. Please be advised that today’s conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to our speaker today, Chanda Brashears, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

[Chanda Brashears:]

Good morning everyone. At this time, I would like to welcome you to Cinemark Holdings, Inc.’s fourth quarter and full year 2021 earnings release conference call, hosted by Sean Gamble, President and Chief Executive Officer and Melissa Thomas, Chief Financial Officer. In accordance with the Safe Harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, certain matters that are addressed by members of management during this call may constitute forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause Cinemark’s actual performance to be materially different from the performance indicated or implied by such statements. Such risk factors are set forth in the company’s SEC filings. The company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements. Today’s call and webcast may include non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in today’s press release, within the company’s quarterly filing on Form 10-K or on the company’s website, investors.cinemark.com. I would now like to turn the call over to Sean Gamble.

[Sean Gamble:]

Thank you Chanda. Good morning everyone. We appreciate you joining us for our fourth quarter and full year 2021 results. It has been a pleasure getting to know many of you during my time as CFO and COO and I look forward to our on-going relationships in my new role. As we announced last quarter, Melissa Thomas joined Cinemark as our new CFO in November and I would like to formally welcome her to her first Cinemark earnings call. I’d also like to publicly thank and acknowledge Mark Zoradi for his thoughtful collaboration in coordinating and supporting such an incredibly smooth leadership transition over the past several months. The theatrical exhibition industry made huge strides in its recovery throughout 2021 culminating in an exceptional fourth quarter during which North American box office crossed the $2 billion mark for the first time since the onset of the pandemic. New film releases that lead the charge included, Venom

[Melissa Thomas:]

Good morning, everyone. And thank you, Sean. I'm honored to be a part of the Cinemark team. And I'm greatly looking forward to meeting the investment community in the near future. As Sean discussed, we made significant progress in terms of the overall recovery of our industry and our company throughout 2021. And especially in the fourth quarter, which is reflected in our financial results. Our worldwide attendance was 48.1 million patrons for the fourth quarter. We delivered $666.7million of total revenue, $139.4 million of adjusted EBITDA, and $208 million of operating cash flow. Notably, these worldwide results were driven by robust performance in both our domestic and international segments, with each segment generating positive adjusted EBITDA in the quarter, and reporting adjusted EBITDA margins in excess of 20%. Taking a closer look at our U.S. operations in the fourth quarter, our attendance rebounded to 31.2 million patrons, representing a 45% increase over the third quarter, and underscoring the recovery of theatrical movie going. We were able to service these guests with operating hours that were essentially flat to last quarter, and approximately 20% below that a free COVID, which speaks volumes to the operational efficiencies and technological advances we've achieved since the onset of the pandemic. Our domestic emissions revenue rebounded to $287.3 million in the fourth quarter, on an average ticket price of $9.21. Our average ticket price continues to be elevated due to three key factors, reduced operating hours, resulting in fewer matinee and weekday show times, strategic pricing actions and a higher concentration of premium large format box office. It's worth mentioning that 15% of our U.S. box office was generated by our premium large format. This is 400 basis points higher compared with the fourth quarter of 2019. The growth in the average ticket price was partially offset by revenue deferrals related to our loyalty program ramping back up. Our U.S. concessions revenue was $207.8 million in the fourth quarter, and reached 90% of fourth quarter of 2019 levels, with an all-time high per cap of $6.66. Our food and beverage per cap remained above $6 throughout 2021 due to a few factors, including heightened indulgence in food and beverage consumption, particularly within our core concession categories. A mix of moviegoers that tends to skew higher in purchase incidents and our operating hours, which while reduced, remain concentrated in timeframes that are more conducive to concession purchases. Domestic other revenue also benefited from the uptick in attendance and increased more than 50% quarter-over-quarter to $56.6 million driven by volume related increases in screen ads and transaction fees. Altogether, fourth quarter total domestic revenue was $551.7 million, with positive adjusted EBITDA of $115.9 million and an adjusted EBITDA margin of 21%. Turning to International, our international segment also experienced a substantial recovery in the fourth quarter, exceeding our expectations. All of our theaters were operating throughout the fourth quarter, albeit with certain government imposed restrictions on operating hours and capacity. We were able to grow our attendance 84% quarter-over-quarter to 16.9 million patrons given a line-up of films that resonated extremely well with a Latin demographic, including Encanto, which is a story based in Colombia. Venom

[Operator:]

So our first question is on the line of Steven Cahall with Wells Fargo.

[Steven Cahall:]

Yes, thank you. Maybe first just wondering as you look at the 2022 slate, are you having any conversations with the studios around their expectations for exhibition windows? It was it's kind of been an on-going moving process as they've looked at their windowing on to streaming so maybe you could just give the latest on what you're seeing from the studios on the Windows side?

[Sean Gamble:]

Sure thanks. Thanks for the question, Steven. It's certainly an on-going conversation. I think the positive news is the outlook is most releases will have some form of exclusive window and it seems like the majority of the larger films are gravitating toward a 45-day window. Both Warner Brothers and Paramount have formally expressed intentions to have a 45-day window. Universal is likely to continue to release the majority of its films that way with probably a bit of a variety but they've also expressed the intent to have their films hit their streaming platform 45-days after theatrical release. And Sony has consistently been a big advocate of a window. Disney has been taking more of we'll wait and see how things progress with the course of the pandemic, and just consumer appetite but all signs are pointing to the majority of films having a window on a go-forward basis.

[Steven Cahall:]

Thanks. And maybe kind of a follow up to that, it seems like that a lot of the box office revenue we're seeing is getting more concentrated to the larger films. When you think about that possibly being a trend where maybe smaller films are going to be more of an at home experience larger films are going to be more of an exhibition experience. And you think about things like ticket pricing and food and beverage, how does a mix that skews more to larger films impact your business both at the top line and with the rents kind of at the at the profit line?

[Sean Gamble:]

It's an interesting thought, Steven. When we look at the mix of titles overall, even prior to the pandemic, we were starting to see a little bit of a higher concentration of blockbuster films, although interestingly, some of that was due to just the higher levels of risk that were starting to take place with regard to the smaller and mid-tier films. Interestingly, as you look at the environment today with a more dynamic window, even though some of the smaller and mid-tier films have reduced in volume in the near term, partly because of the pandemic and partly because of some of the near term dynamics with the streaming platforms, the actual risk factor associated with that has improved to in a certain way because of the more dynamic window. So I actually think there's the potential that we may start to see overtime, more of these smaller and mid-tier films getting released theatrically than we've had in the past, which could balance out the mix. All that being said, obviously there continues to be a lot of evolution and things to sort out coming out of the pandemic with regard to just changing consumer behaviors, expectations and things of that sort. So we're just going to continue to monitor how that plays through and think about what the best strategies are with regard to pricing and mix and things of that sort, both for ticket prices as well as concessions.

[Steven Cahall:]

And maybe just the last housekeeping one, Melissa if I could sneak it in. You talked about the positive cash flow for 2022. Was that operating or free cash flow after the CapEx guidance?

[Melissa Thomas:]

Yes, from a free cash flow perspective.

[Steven Cahall:]

Great, thank you.

[Operator:]

Your next question is from the line of Eric Handler with MKM Partners.

[Eric Handler:]

Good morning, and thanks for the question. Two questions, we'll start off first with outperforming the market, domestic market, actually an international market to by 700 basis points, very impressive well above your normal levels. Was there anything specific in the quarter that you were doing that allowed you to increase your market share like that and outperform the market? And then I’ll have a follow up?

[Sean Gamble:]

Thanks for the question, Eric. I think part of that is just a reflection of the gains that we've made in our market share over the course of the pandemic. So that just continued to play through in the fourth quarter, perhaps there was a little bit of a bump by the fact that Canada had been closed in certain markets. So I think everybody in the U.S. gained a little bit of just overall share relative to the full North American industry because of that, but all the investments we have made, prior to the pandemic in our amenities, and just the upkeep of our circuits, and just all the efforts, we've continued to push on with regard to our marketing capabilities to entice moviegoers back to our theaters. I think that's really a combination of all those things that played through it in terms of our performance relative to the market.

[Eric Handler:]

Great. And then, it's really nice to see your adjusted EBITDA margin get back above 20%, which has always been sort of a company benchmark. When you look at sort of like your revenue base of $667 million, give or take a little bit of revenue. If you can get close to that number, is it safe to say you can sustain a 20% plus adjusted EBITDA margin, or do we need to think about any inflationary issues that may weigh on the margin a little bit?

[Melissa Thomas:]

Thanks for the question, Eric. So we have a track record of delivering industry leading adjusted EBITDA margins. And we certainly are focused on achieving strategy adjusted EBITDA margins, as the industry recovers. The single biggest driver of our EBITDA margins is certainly going to be box office recovery, and the degree that that returns to historical levels. But there's some a few other key drivers that I would highlight as you think about adjusted EBITDA margins going forward. So first, from a top line perspective, as it pertains to average ticket prices and concession per caps, those have been running at elevated levels in 2021, and have been a nice tailwind for us as attendance starts to come back. And as we see operating hours expand and different audience mix come back, we do expect that some of that may normalize. And as that audience comes back in operating hours expand. We are certainly trying to sustain those tailwinds and have strategies in place to do so. But that is certainly a variable. And then on the expense side, as I mentioned in my prepared remarks, we are seeing as are many other companies right now, labor wage, inflation as well as some inflationary increases on the cog side just due to supply chain constraints. It's difficult to fully predict how that's going to evolve in 2022. And what the full extent of that impact will look like. We are working to offset those impacts wherever possible with various initiatives both on the labor productivity side as well as on the cogs side, expanding our vendor base looking at different product alternatives, as well as strategic price increases, but those are the different factors that I would think about, as we think about margin heading into 2022.

[Eric Handler:]

Great, thank you very much.

[Sean Gamble:]

Thanks, Eric.

[Operator:]

Your next question is from the line of Chad Beynon with Macquarie.

[Chad Beynon:]

Good morning, thanks for taking my question. Wanted to start with international. Sean, I know you've talked about that market generally being kind of a three to six month laggard to the U.S. The fourth quarter results would suggest that, that has accelerated. I think you kind of noted some of the big hits that drove the outperformance there. But wondering if there's an update on that if you can kind of paint the picture in terms of if those markets have come along a little bit faster in the past couple months. Thanks.

[Sean Gamble:]

Your observation is spot on, Chad. The LatAm markets, while they continue to trail the U.S. a bit they're definitely picking up ground. Most of the drag we're still seeing is because of various government capacity restrictions that are still in place. Although like most places in the world, those are starting to lift as well. While vaccines were slower to roll out throughout the region, actually now vaccination rates largely exceed the U.S. with regard to double and single doses as well as boosters. So that's a big part of what is helping the markets to pick up some pace in terms of their recovery and catch up to the U.S. And like we said some of the box office gains in the fourth quarter were fairly comparable to what we saw in the U.S.

[Chad Beynon:]

Great, thanks. And then in terms of the other line you report, Melissa, I think you said that that was due to screen advertisements and transaction fees. The advertising market is really picked up. Were their deferral rents that that kind of fell into the quarter or, could is there maybe a larger foundation or base of screen ads going forward? Just a little bit more color on that? Thanks.

[Melissa Thomas:]

No, I would say nothing, nothing notable screen ad side outside of as our attendance rebounds, screen advertising is going to rebound. And then on the transaction fee side, which is the other point that I mentioned. That is as a greater percentage of our business starts to shift online. We are seeing higher revenue from transaction fees as a result.

[Chad Beynon:]

Thank you very much. Congrats on the quarter.

[Melissa Thomas:]

…shifting online. Thank you.

[Chad Beynon:]

Thank you.

[Operator:]

Your next question is from the line up Robert Fishman with MoffettNathanson.

[Robert Fishman:]

Morning, I've one for Sean and then one for Melissa if I can. Sean, can you expand on your opening remarks and share some more details around your own movie club survey work or elsewhere, that have different age groups are returning to the movie theater? And then thinking about if older demos and the younger families are still possibly below pre-pandemic levels? Is there something that you think we'll be able to bring them back or any signs that you have that the more flexible window is permanently changing movie going behaviour there?

[Sean Gamble:]

Sure thing, Robert, thanks. I think our movie club data is generally consistent with wider demographic data at this point. While we are seeing that certain categories of older audiences and family audiences have trailed younger adult movie goers. Part of that is been driven clearly by the pandemic. We see that in survey data around just comfort going back to theaters when you look at that demographic as well, it's been really a phenomenon of just health concerns in the current environment. And that that continues to improve as the pandemic improves. So we anticipate that as the pandemic further recovers, that those categories will also recover, those groups of audiences. And then the other factor that has really affected those audiences has also just been the availability of content. So more of the content has favored younger movie goers, and I think some of the programming decision making has aligned so it's a little bit of a chicken and an egg factor. Likewise, we think as that content mix starts to fill in over the course of 2022, that speaks more to those audiences that will also help further the recovery of those categories. So it's difficult to say if there's really any longer term changes in either of those buckets, I think we tend to think that when the right content is available and the health environment is in a in an acceptable place, we're going to see those categories of audiences continue to come back.

[Robert Fishman:]

Thank you. And Melissa, just wondering if you can expand upon that the comments made so far around the opportunities for using maybe more dynamic ticket pricing, and other concession initiatives that can help drive monetization from the returning moviegoers and see growth from these elevated levels.

[Melissa Thomas:]

Yes, so I can speak to the pricing side of things. So we are looking at pricing, and very strategically, we believe there's opportunity to leverage data and analytics to become more active and sophisticated with our pricing over time, and that is both on the admission side, as well as the concession side. Not a one size fits all approach, about segmentation, and de-averaging. And, of course, we're testing and learning. But for example, we're in the midst of a series of tests to better understand how elasticities have evolved during the pandemic, to further optimize our base pricing levels going forward. That could mean increases or decreases in pricing, depending upon theater, market, time of day weekend, and various other factors. But the goal is for us to be more surgical with changes in our price versus instituting blanket price increases across the circuit. But we believe that that is certainly a lever, that we have to offset some of the inflationary cost pressures that we're seeing in the current environment. But we will approach that cautiously and test and learn our way into it, particularly as we're trying to reignite movie going as the pandemic starts to subside.

[Robert Fishman:]

Thank you both.

[Sean Gamble:]

Thanks, Robert.

[Operator:]

Your next question is from the line of Mike Ng with Goldman Sachs.

[Michael Ng:]

Hi, good morning. Thank you very much for the question. I just have two. First, following up on some of the earlier questions I was just wondering if you could talk a little bit more about the outlook for average ticket prices and concession per caps as we move into 2022. I can appreciate you talked about normalization over the long term. But do you expect that normalization to happen during the year? Or is that more a little farther out? Thank you.

[Melissa Thomas:]

Hey Mike thanks for the question. I'll take that one. As you think about ATPs, and we talked about some of the drivers in the prepared remarks that we've benefited from reduced operating hours, which has led to a favorable ticket type mix, we've had strategic pricing actions, and then a higher concentration of premium large format box office, that's helped to elevate our average ticket prices. As you think about the go-forward and, and potential normalization there. That just to provide some context, nearly a third of the increase that we saw in domestic average ticket prices in the fourth quarter of 2021, compared with the fourth quarter of 2019 can be attributed to favorable ticket type mix from reduced operating hours, such as the . So just to give the kind of some context of how that those reduced operating hours and ticket mix has been benefiting us. That said, as we mentioned we are looking at opportunities on the strategic pricing side, as well as continuing to push and promote our premium large format screens. So some, puts and takes there, but hopefully that helps provide some context. And then on the per cap side, there as you mentioned in prepared remarks, we did also benefit from expanded or operating hours, expanded, I guess we've been shrinking our effort, we've had reduced operating hours, but they've been more conducive to periods where customers consumed concessions, which certainly has benefited us during the pandemic period. We've also just had heightened indulgence of consumers in a favorable audience mix. As we think about sustaining the per cap piece going forward, there are initiatives that we're looking at. We do expect some could normalize as that audience mix started to shift and come back in 2022, but we are promoting Snacks In A Tap that's a huge convenience factor frictionless experience for the customer also create shorter lines for those who want to purchase in the more traditional way. On the category management side, we are looking to expand or reactivate categories that we haven't fully brought back yet, and also introduce new products and flavors, to help maintain those per caps and then strategic pricing is another factor. So lots of actions underway to really help us sustain those per caps but, could be some normalization that happens there.

[Michael Ng:]

Thanks, Melissa. That's very helpful. And I was just wondering if you could provide an update on some of the programs pre-pandemic and during the pandemic, specifically, how things like discount Tuesdays are going. And then is group viewing and screen rentals coming down as a percentage of mix as reopening occurs? Thank you.

[Sean Gamble:]

Some of those, those programs, they are fluctuating. Discount Tuesdays have come back really well. I mean, it's improving as you might anticipate. I would say, if anything, it may still be not back to its full stride, because of the audience demographic discussion that we had earlier. That tends to favor some older audiences, which are the ones that have been more reluctant to come back. So again, as that recovers, we expect discount Tuesday's will recover even further. With regard to the auditorium rentals, particularly our private watch parties, those have come down quite a bit, simply because there's capacity inflection point there where the limits of the auditoriums size you have, there's limits on the PWP size, and now that you've had a much higher level of occupancy and audiences coming back, we just need the seats for general admissions. We are still making PWPs available in our circuit. We've taken the price of a bit to balance out that dynamic of attendance and still make them competitive, but yes, they have come down a bit from where they were during the course of the pandemic. But it's a great option to have in periods, particularly where there's more limited content flow. Because it just can fill in those gaps really well.

[Michael Ng:]

Great, thank you for all the thoughts, Sean. Much appreciated.

[Sean Gamble:]

Likewise, thanks for the questions.

[Operator:]

Your next question is from the line of Mike Hickey with the Benchmark Company.

[Mike Hickey:]

Hey Sean, Melissa congrats guys on really a strong finish to the year. Two questions from me. I guess just the first one. If you guys were surprised, and sort of the growth you're seeing out of your subscription plan, with the movie club, and sort of how you think that will progress this year, given the heavy slate of blockbusters, and I guess maybe remind us the strategic value here in terms of maybe share or concession gains in a more competitive open market. I have a follow up. Thanks guys.

[Sean Gamble:]

Sure. Thanks Mike. We've been really pleased with the continued growth of movie club. We knew that this is we've gotten tremendous feedback about that program, obviously, prior to the pandemic. I think the response from our members over the course of the pandemic with regard to the way we handled the program. And the communication we had with them was really positive. And that helped us to retain a wide majority of those numbers throughout the pandemic, even when we were closed and had much reduced content flow. So as we've reactivated, we've just been really proactive in our marketing, reminding them of all the benefits and value that come from the program. And that's helped to sustain that benefit, or help to sustain our existing members. And at the same time, we've been going back out in promoting movie club to new members, which is part of the reason why we've started to see a return to growth in that program. And as I said in prepared remarks, we've recovered almost back to the point of where we were prior to the pandemic. And I would say one other data point. Most of the members that we lost when we reactivated the program was really due to expire, credit cards versus people proactively coming out and part of the gains coming back have just been getting those customers to reactivate with updated information. But we also are adding brand new members as well. So just the sustained benefits, or the sustained commentary we hear about the value of the program, it's very far reaching, it doesn't. While it's a great benefit, value and benefit for frequent movie goers. It also works really well for families. If you have a family of four and you go to the movies only three or four times a year, it's a great program for those types of audiences as well. So it's it's quite vast and versatile.

[Mike Hickey:]

Thanks. The second question, I guess, is sort of, on Melissa's topic on inflation, obviously, we hear that and see the cost side. But curious, flip side of that equation on your impact on the consumer, the movie dollar, obviously, economy think will flow here inflation is tightening everyone's budget. Are you seeing sort of any impact here? I know the slight hike in 1Q, so are you seeing any impact on your moviegoer in terms of a shift in pricing, maybe a pullback and concession stand. And then broadly speaking, how is your theatrical medium worked when the economy has slowed? Thanks, guys.

[Sean Gamble:]

Mike, I'll take that one. I think one of the positive things we've seen over time, and we're continuing to see it now is going to the movies tends to buck the trends of recessions. In fact, considering that going to the movies is one of the more affordable forms of entertainment. In many cases, we see an uptick in those types of situations; people may cut back on travel and cut back on more expensive forms of entertainment. But they're still looking to get out and do things. And when you compare the cost of going to the movies to other forms of entertainment, we're still a great value for that amount of time that people spend with us. So as I said that that has been the type of result over time, and we're continuing to see that now. I mean, at least there certainly haven't been any signs as of yet. With regard to people, hesitating go to the movies. I mean, if anything we just saw this past weekend, as we indicated, both films this past weekend, with Uncharted and Dog exceeded expectations. They outperformed projections. So that's a that's a positive. And as Melissa indicated earlier, when we think about pricing in this environment it’s just something that we're going to be careful with. We think, on some sense, we'll be looking to try to cover some of the inflations we experienced with our costs, but at the same time, we got to be really careful about not leading to people thinking twice about coming to the movies, because they feel like it's getting too expensive. So it's just it's a fine balance. We have to work as we're trying to get people, more people coming back to our theaters more frequently in the midst of this inflationary environment.

[Mike Hickey:]

Thanks, guys. Good luck.

[Sean Gamble:]

Thanks a lot, Mike.

[Operator:]

Your next question is from the line of Jim Goss with Barrington Research.

[Jim Goss:]

Okay, thank you. LatAm had a particularly successful rebound, it seemed to me. And I’m wondering how it compared with your expectations. And I'm also wondering if it's beginning to set the stage for a potential renewed growth thrust as you've historically outlined?

[Sean Gamble:]

Yes, look, thanks for the question Jim. The LatAm response was very positive. I think it perhaps did exceed our expectations. I think part of that, like the U.S. I think part of that was just how strong certain films like Spiderman performed in the quarter, and that that converted really well with Latin audiences. So that coupled just with the on-going recovery from the pandemic has played out really well. As far as just the overall strategy and long term potential of LatAm, we're still very positive on the Latin American market. Movie going is still a very strong movie going and culture. It's a very social and family oriented activity, which plays well to that that community; many of the markets across the region remain under penetrated as far as theaters go. So the fundamentals still the long term fundamentals still remain positive, even considering some of the more near term challenges we've experienced with the economic, political and foreign exchange dynamics in those marketplaces. So we're positive about the long term potential in the region. And fortunately, we have really strong teams there with fantastic local knowledge, excellent market share and each country in each country we're cash self-sufficient. So we're in a great strategic position with regard to capitalizing on that long term potential.

[Jim Goss:]

Okay and with regard to property mix, I’m wondering if there are any further closings you have in mind or you, as you evaluate your platform, are there any trends we should be looking at in terms of maybe pursuing concentration of theaters in certain areas, or anything else that the M&A having might, may benefit from?

[Sean Gamble:]

I think that's going to be just, it's going to be an evolving landscape. I think it's going to, it'll depend ultimately on a range of things. What kinds of new opportunities unfold, as we look ahead, both in terms of just new market opportunities, and potential M&A. The on-going performance of our existing theaters, I mean, that'll factor into whether or not we retain or potentially close any of those theaters, ability to find solutions with landlords or find new concepts that could also help to recover performance if there is a downturn, so, and just overall evolving market dynamics. So I think there's a range of considerations, I would say. We're going to -- we've always been very active in keeping a pulse on our existing theaters and evolving market opportunities. And it's something we're going to be even more diligent with, as we analyze and look for creative solutions to -- the landscape continues to evolve.

[Jim Goss:]

Okay. And one, one last little one. Do you expect any further benefit from reduced or eliminated mask requirements? Or is that yesterday's news and you're at a stage where it hasn't mattered so much anymore?

[Sean Gamble:]

I would say it's probably less impactful at this point. People are more or less going about their business. I certainly think that as overall mask guidance and requirements and recommendations continue to wane, that that will just be a positive on the whole in terms of people's comfort level with going out especially those audiences that have been more hesitant. So I do think there is a positive there, but we haven't seen any of the even current mask policies or practices really being a deterrent in a meaningful way at this point.

[Jim Goss:]

All right. Well, thank you very much.

[Sean Gamble:]

Thanks, Jim.

[Operator:]

Your next question is on the line of Meghan Durkin with Credit Suisse.

[Meghan Durkin:]

Hi, good morning, guys. Sean, can you talk about where you are outperforming your peers, maybe some markets where you're taking share and what you think is driving it? And then Melissa, a quick follow up? I might have missed it earlier. But was there something unusual in the free cash flow in the quarter?

[Sean Gamble:]

I'll start with your first question, Meghan. I think that from a market share standpoint, it's been fairly consistent across the across both the U.S. and Latin America. So I wouldn't say there's any particular areas or particular markets where it's, tremendously different than others. It's really just a combination of the things that we've talked about the value of having been open one of the first circuits to open and stay open through the pandemic, and just more consumers coming into contact with the type of experience that we provide, in contrast to our peers. So it's really that and then, and then the sustained marketing efforts, we've had to keep them coming back.

[Melissa Thomas:]

And then Meghan, with respect to your question on free cash flow. I would call it two key factors in the quarter on free cash flow to first our strong EBITDA generation in the quarter benefited free cash flow. And then secondly, you saw the working capital dynamics of our model play out. We had acceleration in our business throughout the quarter, and particularly toward late in the quarter as Spider Man No way home generated so much success. We received that cash related to that admissions revenue in that period and didn't pay our film rentals until the first quarter. So it's really that that timing and working capital float playing out in the numbers.

[Meghan Durkin:]

Okay, anyway, to sort of normalize for that?

[Melissa Thomas:]

It was about 90 million to 100 million.

[Meghan Durkin:]

Okay, thanks.

[Operator:]

The final question is from the line of Daniel Duran with Morgan Stanley.

[Daniel Duran:]

Hi, Sean. Hi, Melissa asking a question for Ben here. Could you please give us an update on alternative cotton revenue initiatives, gaming or sports for example? Thank you.

[Sean Gamble:]

Absolutely. Thanks for the question, Daniel. Alternative content is certainly an area as we look to build audiences and find additional forms of entertainment that go beyond film to bring in guests into our theaters. So it's an area that we've been spending quite a bit of time on. Specific to the areas you mentioned of games and sports, both of those are, I would say, are still very much in R&D mode. We're testing a whole range of different types of content from both spectator is from the gaming spectator and participatory angles, to try to determine which have the most potential going forward. Really, a big factor is trying to discern what types of content can really grow in terms of scale. Things like the Metropolitan Opera have been an example through fathom that have worked really well, where there's a series of on-going performances that work. So we're trying to hone in on what things can really lead to material impact and sustained impact overtime. I would say that some of the events that we have -- we've done recently, in terms of in the gaming realm and the critical role campaign three, and with regard to ESPN, some of the NCAA football playoffs and championships that we recently done. The response from consumers has been incredibly strong. I mean, the feedback they just, it's another validation and example that just audiences love to congregate and come together to experience these types of events together. It's just a different level of emotion and excitement, in terms of the type of experience that has. So the feedback has been tremendous. And it's something that we're just going to continue to evaluate and test and see what sticks.

[Daniel Duran:]

Great. Thank you and congrats on the strong quarter.

[Sean Gamble:]

Thanks, Daniel. Appreciate it.

[Operator:]

I will turn it back over for closing remarks.

[Sean Gamble:]

Okay, well, thank you all again for joining us this morning. We look forward to speaking with you all again in the second quarter.

[Operator:]

Thank you. This concludes Cinemark’s fourth quarter and full year 2021 earnings call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.